Single Entry System Conversion Method - Definition - Meaning
Conversion method is the process of changing the preparation method of Books of Accounts from Single Entry System to Double Entry System. Under Single Entry System, only Cash Book, individual accounts, statement of affairs are prepared but under double entry system, we prepare Trial Balance, Trading & Profit And Loss Account or Income Statement and Balance Sheet with the the help of books of accounts.
Steps To Convert books of accounts into Double Entry System of Bookkeeping
Following steps are taken to convert single entry system into double entry system:
1. Firstly, we prepare statement of affairs at the beginning of the period
2. All the accounts except Accounts Receivable / Debtors, Accounts Payable / Creditors, Cash & Bank accounts appear in the statement of affairs must be debited or credited in the relevant ledger accounts.
3. From cash book, posting to impersonal accounts i.e., Cash Purchases, Cash Sales, Rent Expenses, Salaries Expenses, Wages Expenses,
etc., should be made.
For Example, from Sales book, Credit Sales should be credited to Sales Ledger Account, from Purchases book, Credit Purchases should be debited to purchases ledger account. All expenses
and revenues are debited and credited in the relevant accounts such as Salaries account is debit in Salaries Ledger Account, Fees Received is credited in Fees Ledger account.
4. Preparing Subsidiary Ledgers
In this step, we prepare Subsidiary Ledgers such as preparing Sales Subsidiary Ledger and Purchases Subsidiary Ledger, Accounts Receivable Subsidiary Ledger, Accounts Payable Subsidiary Ledger, etc., in
order to get information about credit sales, credit purchases, accounts receivable and accounts payable respectively.
5. Preparing Adjusting Entries
In the last step, we make Adjustments relating to Prepaid Expenses, Outstanding Expenses, Accrued Revenues , Unearned Revenues, Depreciation of Fixed Assets, or any other adjustments required to prepare
proper books of accounts.
After completing all of the above steps, now, we are in a position to convert a Single Entry System of bookkeeping into Double Entry System of bookkeeping.
We understand these steps with the help of a problem as shown below:
Mr. A prepares Books of Accounts on single entry system. The accounting data of his business for the period is given below:
1-1-2019 31-12-2019
Rs. Rs.
Cash in Hand 300 830
Cash at Bank 500 520
Accounts Receivable / Debtors 285 983
Inventory 1000 500
Furniture (at cost Rs. 1500) 1350 1200
Accounts Payable / Creditors 500 800
Accumulated Depreciation 150 300
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts 15 52
He paid Rs. 1200 to creditors. He received Rs. 2250 from his customers against the credit sales made.
During the period, Mr. A also withdrew Rs. 200 as Cash for his own personal use. He paid Rs. 100 for Wages. Sundry Expenses paid for the period is Rs. 200. Depreciation on Furniture
is 10% under Straight Line Method. Allowance for Doubtful Accounts is 5% on Accounts Receivable.
You are required to prepare Income Statement or Trading & Profit And Loss Account for the period and balance Sheet as on 31st December, 2019.
Firstly, we prepare necessary ledger accounts i.e., Accounts Receivable Account, Accounts Payable Account in order to get the figures of both Credit Sales And Credit Purchases respectively,
and also we need to prepare balance sheet at the beginning of the period i.e., 1st January, 2019, and then we prepare Trading & Profit And Loss Account and balance sheet in order to convert the single entry system of bookkeeping into double entry system of bookkeeping.
Mr. A’s Business
Accounts Receivable Account
For the Year 1-1-2019 to 31-12-2019
Rs. Rs.
Balance b/d 285 Cash Received From Customers 2250
Credit Sales 3000 Balance c/d 1035
(Balance Figure)
_______ ______
3285 3285
_______ ______
_______ ______
Accounts Payable Account
For the Year 1-1-2019 to 31-12-2019
Rs. Rs.
Cash Paid To Suppliers 1200 Balance b/d 500
Balance c/d 800 Credit Purchases 1500
(Balance Figure)
_______ ______
2000 2000
_______ ______
_______ ______
Opening Balance Sheet
As On 1-1-2019
Assets Liabilities & Capital
Rs. Rs.
Cash in Hand 400 Accounts Payable 500
Cash at Bank 100 Capital 3035
(Balance Figure)
Accounts Receivable (N1) 285
Ending Inventory 1000
Furniture 1500
Acc. Depreciation (150)
____ 1350
______ ______
3550 3550
______ ______
______ ______
(N1)
Here Accounts Receivable is shown at net Realizable Value which is equal to Accounts Receivables’balance - Allowance for doubtful Accounts. So it is calculated as given below:
300 - 15 = Rs. 285
Mr. A’s Business
Trading And Profit And Loss Account
For the period 1-1-2019 to 31-12-2019
Rs. Rs.
Opening Inventory 1000 Sales 3000
Purchases 1500 Closing Inventory 500
Wages 100
Gross Income c/d 900
_____ _____
3500 3500
_____ _____
_____ _____
Sundry Expenses 200 Gross Income b/d 900
Dep. On Furniture 150
Doubtful Debts 52
Net Income 498
_____ _____
900 900
_____ _____
_____ _____
Mr. A’s Business
Balance Sheet
As On 31-12-2019
Assets Liabilities & Liabilities
Rs. Rs.
Cash in Hand 930 Accounts Payable 800
Cash at bank 520 Capital 3035
Accounts Receivable (N1) 983 Net Income 498
Closing Inventory 500 Drawings (200)
_____ 3333
Furniture ((N2) 1500
Acc. Dep. (300)
_____ 1200
_____ _____
4133 4133
_____ _____
_____ _____
(N1)
The Adjusting Entry for Allowance for Doubtful Accounts / Provision for Doubtful Debts is shown below:
Doubtful Debts / Uncollectible Accounts Expense a/c 52
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts a/c 52
Here Allowance for Doubtful Accounts for the year is calculated as shown below
5% X 1035 = Rs. 52
Total Allowance for Doubtful Accounts = Opening + Closing = 15 + 52 = 67
Accounts Receivable is shown in the balance sheet at Net Realizable Value (NRV) which is equal to 1035 - 52 = Rs. 985
(N2)
The Adjusting Journal Entry for Accumulated Depreciation on Furniture for the year (1-1-2019 - 31-12-2019) is shown below:
Depreciation - Furniture a/c 150
Accumulated Depreciation - Furniture a/c 150
(Depreciation On Furniture Charged For the Year)
Total Accumulated Depreciation - Furniture
Opening Accumulated Depreciation - Furniture + for the year accumulated depreciation - furniture
Total Accumulated Depreciation 150 + 150 = 300
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